Inflammation and clots in small blood vessels that block blood flow to feet, hands, legs and arms.

Also called Buerger disease, thromboangiitis obliterans is closely linked with all forms of smoking and tobacco use. In this condition, small blood vessels get inflamed, swollen and blocked with clots. This lowers blood flow, which can lead to damaged skin tissue, infection and gangrene.

Symptoms include tingling, numbness or changes in skin color on the toes or fingers. Painful open sores on the toes or fingers or painful feet when walking may also be a symptom of Buerger disease.

Stopping all forms of smoking and tobacco use is important to treat Buerger disease. Sometimes, surgery to remove the affected toes, fingers, arms or legs may be needed.