A bacterial infection of the nervous system that can be prevented by a vaccine.

Tetanus, also called lockjaw, is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. When bacteria enter a wound, they release a toxin that damages nerves. Wounds contaminated with dirt, soil, stool, rust or saliva are more at risk of tetanus infection. A vaccine can prevent tetanus infection.

Tetanus symptoms start anywhere from 3 to 21 days after infection. Symptoms include painful muscle spasms and stiff, rigid muscles, starting in the jaw and neck. People with symptoms of tetanus need emergency care.

Tetanus is treated in the hospital with medicines to clear up the infection and manage complications while the infection runs its course.